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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforDistillationofHeavyHydrocarbonMixtures(VacuumPotstillMethod)
【原文标准名称】:重型烃类混合物蒸馏的标准试验方法(真空罐式蒸馏法)
【标准号】:ASTMD5236-2003(2007)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2003
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D02.08
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:crudeoils;distillation;heavyoils;potstill;residue;vacuum;Atmosphericequivalenttemperature(AET);Calibration--temperatureanalysisinstrumentation;Conversionunits/factors;Crudeoildistillation;Dehydration;Distillation--petroleumproducts;
【摘要】:Thistestmethodisoneofanumberoftestsconductedonheavyhydrocarbonmixturestocharacterizethesematerialsforarefinerorapurchaser.Itprovidesanestimateoftheyieldsoffractionsofvariousboilingranges.Thefractionsmadebythistestmethodcanbeusedaloneorincombinationwithotherfractionstoproducesamplesforanalyticalstudiesandqualityevaluations.Residuestobeusedinthemanufactureofasphaltcanalsobemadebutmaynotalwaysbesuitable.Thelongheatsoakingthatoccursinthistestmethodmayaltersomeoftheproperties.Note18212;Whilethepracticeofreblendingdistillateswithresiduecanbedonetoproducealighterresidue,itisnotrecommendedbecauseitproducesblendswithirregularproperties.Detailsofcutpointsmustbemutuallyagreeduponbeforethetestbegins.Thisisacomplexprocedureinvolvingmanyinteractingvariables.Itismostimportantthatatthetimeoffirstuseofanewapparatus,itscomponentsbecheckedasdetailedinAnnexA1andAnnexA2andthatthelocationofthevaportemperaturesensorbeverifiedasdetailedin6.5.3andFig.1.1.1Thistestmethodcoverstheprocedurefordistillationofheavyhydrocarbonmixtureshavinginitialboilingpointsgreaterthan150x00B0;C(300x00B0;F),suchasheavycrudeoils,petroleumdistillates,residues,andsyntheticmixtures.Itemploysapotstillwithalowpressuredropentrainmentseparatoroperatedundertotaltakeoffconditions.Distillationconditionsandequipmentperformancecriteriaarespecifiedandtypicalapparatusisillustrated.1.2Thistestmethoddetailstheproceduresfortheproductionofdistillatefractionsofstandardizedqualityinthegasoilandlubricatingoilrangeaswellastheproductionofstandardresidue.Inaddition,itprovidesforthedeterminationofstandarddistillationcurvestothehighestatmosphericequivalenttemperaturepossiblebyconventionaldistillation.1.3Themaximumachievableatmosphericequivalenttemperature(AET)isdependentupontheheattoleranceofthecharge.Formostsamples,atemperatureupto565x00B0;C(1050x00B0;F)canbeattained.Thismaximumwillbesignificantlylowerforheatsensitivesamples(forexample,heavyresidues)andmightbesomewhathigherfornonheatsensitivesamples.1.4Therecommendeddistillationmethodforcrudeoilsuptocutpoint400x00B0;C(752x00B0;F)AETisTestMethodD2892.Thistestmethodcanbeusedforheavycrudeoilswithinitialboilingpointsgreaterthan150x00B0;C(302x00B0;F).However,distillationcurvesandfractionqualitiesobtainedbythesemethodsarenotcomparable.1.5Thistestmethodcontainsthefollowingannexes:1.5.1AnnexA18212;TestMethodforDeterminationofTemperatureResponseTime,1.5.2AnnexA28212;PracticeforCalibrationofSensors,1.5.3AnnexA38212;TestMethodforDehydrationofaWetSampleofOil,1.5.4AnnexA48212;PracticeforConversionofObservedVaporTemperaturetoAtmosphericEquivalentTemperature(AET),and1.5.5AnnexA58212;TestMethodforDeterminationofWettage.